Theory Nexus

Introduction: The world has witnessed remarkable progress in medical science, and the diseases which were once declared incurable are now curable. Diseases such as smallpox, polio, and measles that have historically caused millions of deaths are now preventable through vaccination. Currently, medical science is advancing towards treatment and prevention of a broad range of diseases. Immunotherapy is one such revolutionizing medical science field which is paving the way for the development of more effective strategies for the treatment and prevention of diseases. Immunotherapy is a cutting-edge scientific process that utilizes the body's immune system to combat various disease conditions. Unlike traditional treatments such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy that aim to kill cancerous cells, immunotherapy programs the immune system to identify and destroy the disease-causing agents. Immunotherapy has gained immense recognition in the scientific field, and its approach has the pot...

Cancer is a complex disease that arises from the accumulation of genetic mutations and alterations. To date, chemotherapy and radiotherapy have been the primary treatments for cancer, but they are associated with significant side effects and often lead to treatment resistance. The development of immunotherapy, particularly checkpoint inhibitors, has brought a significant improvement in cancer treatment. However, not all patients respond to immunotherapy, and even those who do may develop resistance or relapse. Recently, neoantigen therapy has emerged as a promising approach to cancer treatment. Here, we will discuss what neoantigen therapy is, its principles, the current state of research, and the potential challenges and limitations. What are neoantigens? Neoantigens are newly formed antigens that arise from mutations in cancer cells, leading to the expression of abnormal proteins. These proteins are processed and presented to T cells by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecul...